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電化學(xue)傳感器的(de)工(gong)作原理

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來(lai)自樣品的(de)(de)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)分子(zi)在通(tong)過擴散介質后被(bei)吸附在電(dian)(dian)催化(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)電(dian)(dian)極上，并在適當的(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)電(dian)(dian)極電(dian)(dian)位(wei)下進(jin)行電(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反應。這個反應產生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流與(yu)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)濃度成(cheng)正(zheng)比(bi)。該電(dian)(dian)流被(bei)轉換成(cheng)儀(yi)表(biao)或記錄儀(yi)讀出的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。

根據(ju)簡化(hua)方程，擴散極限電流ilim與(yu)氣體濃度成正比。

ilim = nFADC
δ

式中，ilim為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)擴散(san)(san)極限電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，單(dan)位為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)安培，F為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法拉第常數(96,500庫侖)，A為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)反應界面(mian)面(mian)積，單(dan)位為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)cm2, n為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)每摩爾反應物(wu)的電(dian)(dian)子數，δ為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)擴散(san)(san)路徑長(chang)度(du)(du)，C為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氣(qi)體濃(nong)度(du)(du)，單(dan)位為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)摩爾/cm3, D為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氣(qi)體擴散(san)(san)常數，表示氣(qi)體在擴散(san)(san)介質中的滲透率系(xi)數和(he)溶解度(du)(du)系(xi)數的乘積。